黄酮醇

黄酮醇英語:)是一类黄酮类化合物,其具有3-羟基黄酮骨架。

黄酮醇的分子骨架

黄酮醇广泛存在于水果和蔬菜中,包括茶飲、西紅柿、羽衣甘藍、花椰菜等。攝取富含抗氧化功能的黃酮醇食物,据研究显示随着年龄的增长,整体认知和多种认知能力下降较慢[1]。西方人每日黄酮醇摄入量为20至50毫克[2]

黄酮醇互变异构诱导了双荧光现象,这有利于植物抵抗紫外线和呈现花色[3]

药物相互作用

黄酮类化合物对细胞色素P450的活性有影响。黄酮醇是CYP2C9[4]CYP3A4[2]的的抑制剂,这两种酶参与体内大部分药物的代谢。

黄酮醇类化合物

黄酮醇类化合物
中文名英文名IUPAC名56782'3'4'5'6'
3-羟基黄酮3-hydroxyflavone3-hydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneHHHHHHHHH
杜鹃黄素Azaleatin2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxy-5-methoxychromen-4-oneOCH3HOHHHHOHOHH
漆黃素Fisetin3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneHHOHHHHOHOHH
高良姜素Galangin3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneOHHOHHHHHHH
棉黄素Gossypetin2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7,8-tetrahydroxychromen-4-oneOHHOHOHHOHOHHH
山柰素Kaempferide3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-oneOHHOHHHHOCH3HH
山柰酚Kaempferol3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneOHHOHHHHOHHH
异鼠李素Isorhamnetin3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-oneOHHOHHHOCH3OHHH
桑色素Morin2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-oneOHHOHHOHHOHHH
杨梅黄酮Myricetin3,3',4',5',5,7-hexahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneOHHOHHHOHOHOHH
柚皮黄素Natsudaidain2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetramethoxychromen-4-oneOCH3OCH3OCH3OCH3HHOCH3OCH3H
藿香黃酮醇Pachypodol5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dimethoxychromen-4-oneOHHOCH3HHHOHOCH3H
槲皮素Quercetin3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxy-2-phenylchromen-4-oneOHHOHHHOHOHHH
鼠李秦素Rhamnazin3,5-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-7-methoxychromen-4-oneOHHOCH3HHOCH3OHHH
鼠李素Rhamnetin2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-oneOHHOCH3HHOHOHHH

黄酮醇苷

黄酮醇苷和乙酰苷
中文名英文名苷元356782'3'4'5'6'
紫云英苷Astragalin山柰酚葡萄糖
杜鹃苷Azalein杜鹃黄素鼠李糖
金丝桃苷Hyperoside槲皮素半乳糖
异槲皮素Isoquercitin槲皮素葡萄糖
山奈苷Kaempferitrin山柰酚鼠李糖鼠李糖
杨梅苷Myricitrin杨梅黄酮鼠李糖
槲皮苷Quercitrin槲皮素鼠李糖
刺槐素Robinin山柰酚刺槐糖鼠李糖
芸香苷Rutin槲皮素芸香二糖
绣线菊苷Spiraeoside槲皮素葡萄糖
黄色鼠李苷Xanthorhamnin鼠李黄素三糖
黄柏苷Amurensin山柰酚葡萄糖叔戊基
淫羊藿苷Icariin山柰素鼠李糖葡萄糖叔戊基
曲克芦丁Troxerutin槲皮素芸香二糖羟乙基羟乙基羟乙基

参考文献

  1. Thomas Monroe Holland, Association of Dietary Intake of Flavonols With Changes in Global Cognition and Several Cognitive Abilities, Neurology Nov 2022, 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201541; DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201541
  2. Cermak R, Wolffram S. . Curr. Drug Metab. October 2006, 7 (7): 729–44 [2020-09-23]. PMID 17073577. doi:10.2174/138920006778520570. (原始内容存档于2019-12-11).
  3. . [2011-07-02]. (原始内容存档于2019-12-17).
  4. Si D, Wang Y, Zhou YH; et al. . Drug Metab. Dispos. March 2009, 37 (3): 629–34 [2011-07-02]. PMID 19074529. doi:10.1124/dmd.108.023416. (原始内容存档于2020-05-29).
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