锡河
锡河（泰语：，音素换写：，皇家转写：，发音：[mɛ̂ːnáːm t͡ɕʰīː]），泰国河流，为全境位于泰国的河流中最长的一条（765（475英里））。锡河是蒙河的一条支流，属于湄公河水系。在雨季时，锡河时常泛滥[1]。
| 锡河 Maenam Chi | |
[[File: Ferry on river chi.jpg|275pxpx|none|锡河 {{|}}]] 锡河 | |
| 河口 | |
|---|---|
| - 位置 | 四色菊府蒙河 |
| - 海拔 | 110 m（361 ft） |
| 长度 | 1,047 km（651 mi） |
| 流域面积 | 49,480 km²（19,104 mi²） |
| 流量 | 益梭通府 |
| - 平均流量 | 290 m³/s（10,241 ft³/s） |
| - 最大流量 | 3,960 m³/s（139,846 ft³/s） |
 蒙河流域地形图
| |
河道
锡河源自于碧差汶山脉，向东流经依善地区的猜也奔府、坤敬府，以及玛哈沙拉堪府。之后于黎逸府转向南流，流经益梭通府，并于四色菊府干他拉隆县导入蒙河，锡河年流量约9.3立方（2.2立方英里）[2]。
1718年，占巴塞王国创建后，诺卡萨王派出3,000人从湄公河东岸移居西岸，并在锡河流域创建了第一个佬族聚落，并于今天的黎逸府金地县创建了第一个佬族的勐[3]。
参考文献
延伸阅读
- C. Pawattana; N. K. Tripathi; S. Weesakul. . Environmental Informatics Archives (ISEIS – International Society for Environmental Information Sciences). 2007, 5: 548–556 [March 5, 2012]. EIA07-056.
- Choopug Suttisa. (PDF). Massey University, New Zealand: 1–17. 2011 [March 5, 2012]. （原始内容 (Ph.D.)存档于April 26, 2012）.
Abstract: This paper aims to examine the concept of civil society in the rural communities in the Chi River, Northeast Thailand. It focuses on the questions of what civil society means in the Thai rural context, what factors make civil society proactive and how civil society is activated. By using participatory action research (PAR) as the main methodology to answer the inquiries. The paper addresses the new term of ‘grounded civil society’ which was created through the research process in two case studies. The research determines that two elements activated grounded civil society are from outside and inside factors. The outside factors included the negative effect of government development projects and the intervention of the participatory action research, which stimulate local people to engage in civil society. The inside factors are the poor economic conditions of the villagers and the social capital existing in the communities. The paper concludes with an analysis of the causal links between social capital and civil society which claims that social capital facilitated the creation of civil society.
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