赛斯

赛斯数据英语:)是美国灵媒珍·罗伯兹的一系列作品,由其从1963年开始,口述给其丈夫,直至她于1984年逝世为止。珍·罗伯兹宣称,赛斯数据来自一个叫做赛斯(Seth)的灵体,赛斯借用她的身体说话。[1]赛斯数据被认为是新时代(New Age)哲学的基石之一,在新时代运动圈里是第二次世界大战后,除了爱德加·凯西的作品与《奇迹课程》之外,最具影响力的通灵作品。[2]阿尔格西大学临床心理学教授Jon Klimo在其关于通灵的书中称,在通灵的概念进入公众认知的过程中,赛斯数据发挥了重要作用。[3]

其他的灵媒作者也陆续写了号称通灵自赛斯的数据,特别是在罗伯兹过世之后。这些作者有创立赛斯-荷米斯基金会(Seth-Hermes Foundation)的汤玛斯·马萨里(Thomas Massari),他说他早在1972年即与赛斯通灵,另一位灵媒作者琴·卢米斯(Jean Loomis),她是康乃狄克州宝瓶座中心(Aquarian Center)的主任。[4]美国各地出现了专门与赛斯数据共同合作的研究团队。[5]

芝加哥大学美国宗教史教授凯萨琳·阿勒本尼斯(Catherine L. Albanese)在1970年代指出,赛斯数据打开了美国全国上下关注通灵趋势的纪元,而且也是崛起的新时代运动自我认同的来源。[6]约翰·纽波特(John P. Newport)研究新时代思想对社会的冲击,指出赛斯数据的中心思想是每个人都能创造自己的实相(Reality,即境遇)。这是新时代运动里首次明确出现在赛斯数据里的基本概念。[7]根据布拉德利大学研究宗教的历史学者罗伯特·富勒(Robert C. Fuller),赛斯人格填补了心灵引导的角色,他称之为「非教会的美国灵性」(unchurched American spirituality),其主题涵盖了轮回业报自由意志、古代形上学的智能、「基督意念」(Christ consciousness)。[8]

历史

1963年晚期,珍·罗伯兹和其丈夫罗伯特·霸兹(Robert Butts)以通灵板为实验器材,撰写一本有关超感官知觉的书。[9]根据罗伯兹和霸兹,他们于1963年12月2日开始接收来自一男性人格的连贯信息,此人格后来被确认为赛斯。不久之后,罗伯兹说她在脑中聆听这些信息。她开始不用通灵板写下听到的信息,而她最后也舍弃通灵板不用了。直到1984年罗伯兹过世为止,这二十一年间她持续接收赛斯数据(但其中一年因病而空缺)。通灵时她会进入出神状态,据称代表了赛斯本人传达信息。[10]

根据罗伯兹的说法,赛斯人格形容自己是「不再聚焦物质的能量人格元素」[11],独立于罗伯兹的潜意识之外,虽然罗伯兹曾表达她对赛斯来历的怀疑[12],而且常说赛斯的的教导仅是「理论」[13]。赛斯人格说,他已完成了尘世的轮回,在毗邻的存在层次(或「实相系」、「宇宙」)对我们说法。赛斯人格形容自己是一位「教师」[14],又说赛斯数据的信息会交给每一代的人类。

灵媒爱德加·凯西于出神状态时用古代的句法说话,且内容含糊不清。罗伯兹跟他不一样,当赛斯上身时,她的句法风格现代而内容清晰。赛斯附体时,罗伯兹经常坐在安乐椅上,偶尔吸烟、啜饮啤酒或葡萄酒。然后,她通常已记不得赛斯附体时的说法内容,因而要阅读听写纪录或让人告诉她赛斯说了什么[15]

概要

赛斯数据的内核思想是以意识创造物质实相的理论为基础的[16],指出每个人都可以通过思想、信念和期许创造自己的实相[5][17][18][19][20],而且吾人在当下就可以通过威力之点(point of power)影响事物的变化。[18]

赛斯数据探讨的形上学概念包山包海,包括上帝的本质在内,说它「一切万有」(All That Is)[19][21],有时也会提到「多次元上帝」(The Multidimensional God)(现身于平行宇宙或可能存在的宇宙中)[22];物质实相的本质[22]宇宙的起源[21]基督的故事[8];灵魂的进化、死亡和重生的所有面向,包括轮回业报前世濒死经验、「护卫灵」(guardian spirits)、高升至「较高意识」的层次[8][18][20][23];生命的目的和善恶的本质;受苦的目的[20];多次元实相[24]、平行生命[5]、超个人层次[18][23]

自我的本质

根据赛斯数据,整个自我或「存有」(entity)是完形的,由内在自我(inner self)和多种自我所构成。赛斯数据假定此一存有通过过去的存有(有形或无形的)而存在,同时也因所有当下的化身自我(incarnated selves)和可能存在的对应面而存在[5],而轮回则是赛斯数据的内核原则[23]

阿姆斯特丹大学荷米斯哲学教授福特·汉拿赫夫(Wouter Hanegraaff)表示,罗伯兹对自我本质的观点(以赛斯的身分)影响了其他的新纪元著者(他们有些人使用「较高自我」这个词指涉相同的概念),而且罗伯兹使用的术语也为某些著者所采用[25]。汉拿赫夫说,赛斯使用各种词汇诠释「自我」,包括「存有」(entity)、「全我」(whole self)、「超灵」((over)soul)[25]

现实

有些与赛斯数据相关的中文献把 Reality 翻译成「实相」,但是 Reality 有个众所周知的意思,就是「现实」,一般辞汇中并没有「实相」一辞,因此,把 Reality 译成实相,有点难知所云。而佛经中的「实相」意指「终极不变的状态」,而在赛斯的论点中,终极不变的状态是不存在的,Reality 绝不是「终极不变的状态」。直接把 Reality 译成「现实」,表示「现在是事实」,再也恰当不过,不用另辟蹊径。再不然,将之译成「实境」「世界」「天地」「界域」等常用词汇,也远比译成「实相」让人更易了解[26]。赛斯数据说,所有的个体都创造了自身的境遇,并于共同的尘世环境经历境遇。这类似「责任承担」的教义。「你创造你的现实」这句话表达了这个概念[20],而此概念可能源自于赛斯数据。内在自我负责建构、维持个体的肉身和当下的物质环境,而外在自我的期许、态度和信念则决定了事件的开展。外在自我就是人类所认知的自己[18]

赛斯书探讨一个概念,即物质环境乃由个体占有者(包括动物在内)的内在自我所建构、维持[27]。内在自我在物质现实里投射出「整体」(en masse),而物质现实则充满了个体所需的能量。所有的事件也是以这种方式产生的[20]

著作集成

  • Roberts, Jane (1966). How To Develop Your ESP Power. Publisher: Federick Fell. (Later retitled and reprinted as The Coming of Seth.) ISBN 978-0-8119-0379-0.
  • Roberts, Jane (1970). The Seth Material. Reprinted, 2001 by New Awareness Network. ISBN 978-0-9711198-0-2 .
  • Roberts, Jane and Robert F. Butts (1972). Seth Speaks: The Eternal Validity of the Soul. Reprinted 1994 by Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-07-5.
  • Roberts, Jane (1974). The Nature of Personal Reality. Prentice-Hall. Reprinted 1994, Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-06-8.
  • Roberts, Jane (1975). Adventures in Consciousness: An Introduction to Aspect Psychology. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-013953-5.
  • Roberts, Jane (1975). Dialogues of the Soul and Mortal Self in Time. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-208538-0. Poetry.
  • Roberts, Jane (1976). Psychic Politics: An Aspect Psychology Book. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-731752-3.
  • Roberts, Jane (1977). The "Unknown" Reality Vol. 1. Prentice-Hall. Reprinted 1997, Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-25-9.
  • Roberts, Jane (1979). The "Unknown" Reality Vol. 2. Prentice-Hall. Reprinted 1997, Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-26-6 .
  • Roberts, Jane (1977). The World View of Paul Cezanne: A Psychic Interpretation. ISBN 978-0-13-968859-1.
  • Roberts, Jane (1978). The Afterdeath Journal of An American Philosopher: The World View of William James. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-018515-0.
  • Roberts, Jane (1979). Emir's Education in the Proper Use of Magical Powers. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-1-57174-142-4. Children's literature.
  • Roberts, Jane (1979). The Nature of the Psyche: Its Human Expression. Prentice-Hall. Reprinted 1996, Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-22-8 .
  • Roberts, Jane (1981). The Individual and the Nature of Mass Events. Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0134572599. Reprinted 1994, Amber-Allen Publishing, ISBN 978-1-878424-21-1.
  • Roberts, Jane (1995). The Oversoul Seven Trilogy. Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-17-4. Edition: Paperback; May 1, 1995 (originally published as three separate books: The Education of Oversoul 7 (1973); The Further Education of Oversoul Seven (1979); Oversoul Seven and the Museum of Time (1984).
  • Roberts, Jane (1981). The God of Jane: A Psychic Manifesto. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-01-335749-0. Reprinted 2000, Moment Point Press. ISBN 978-0-9661327-5-5.
  • Roberts, Jane (1982). If We Live Again, Or, Public Magic and Private Love. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-450619-7. Poetry.
  • Roberts, Jane (1986). Dreams, Evolution and Value Fulfillment. Prentice-Hall, two volumes, ISBN 978-0-13-219452-5 and ISBN 978-0-13-219460-0.
  • Roberts, Jane (1986). Seth, Dreams and Projections of Consciousness. Stillpoint Publishing.
  • (1993). A Seth Reader. Vernal Equinox Press. Compendium edited by Richard Roberts. ISBN 978-0-942380-15-6.
  • Roberts, Jane (1995). The Magical Approach : Seth Speaks About the Art of Creative Living. Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 978-1-878424-09-9.
  • Roberts, Jane (1997). The Way Toward Health. Robert F. Butts (Foreword), Amber-Allen Publishing. ISBN 187842430.
  • Roberts, Jane (2006). The World View of Rembrandt. New Awareness Network. ISBN 978-0-9768978-2-8.
  • Roberts, Jane (1997 and after). The Early Sessions (Sessions 1 through 510 of the Seth Material). New Awareness Network. Edited by Robert Butts. Nine volumes. ISBN 978-0-9652855-0-6.
  • Roberts, Jane (2003). The Personal Sessions. New Awareness Network. Deleted session material. Seven volumes. ISBN 978-0-9711198-4-0.
  • Roberts. Jane. The Early Class Sessions. New Awareness Network. Two volumes.

他人撰写的赛斯书籍

  • Watkins, Susan M. Conversations with Seth. Moment Point Press, 2005, 2006, two volumes. ISBN 978-1-930491-05-2 and ISBN 978-1-930491-09-0 (original version published: Vol. 1 (1980), Vol 2 (1981).
  • Dahl, Lynda Madden (1995). Ten Thousand Whispers. Moment Point Press. ISBN 978-1-889964-06-5.
  • Stack, Rick. Out-Of-Body Adventures : 30 days to the Most Exciting Experience of Your Life. Contemporary Books. ISBN 978-0-8092-4560-4.
  • Ashley, Nancy. Create Your Own Reality : A Seth Workbook. Prentice-Hall Press, 1984. ISBN 978-0-13-189127-2.
  • Ashley, Nancy. Create Your Own Happiness: A Seth Workbook. Prentice-Hall Press, 1988. ISBN 978-0-13-189226-2.
  • Ashley, Nancy. Create Your Own Dreams: A Seth Workbook. Prentice-Hall Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0-13-189382-5.
  • Norman Friedman. Bridging Science and Spirit: Common Elements in David Bohm's Physics, The Perennial Philosophy and Seth. Living Lake Books, 1994. ISBN 978-0-9636470-0-9.
  • Norman Friedman. The Hidden Domain: Home of the Quantum Wave Function, Nature's Creative Source. Woodbridge Group, 1997. ISBN 978-1-889964-09-6.
  • Susan M. Watkins. Speaking of Jane Roberts: Remembering the Author of the Seth Material. Moment Point Press, 2001. ISBN 978-0-9661327-7-9.
  • Rich Kendall. The Road To Elmira. Rich Kendall Books, 2011. ISBN 978-0-9835776-0-7; ISBN 978-0-9835776-0-7.
  • (Soon to be published). Seth: The Ultimate Guide. New World View Publishing. Compendium edited by Paul Helfrich.

批评

查尔斯·厄普敦(Charles Upton)在其专门批判新纪元运动的《敌基督的系统》(The System of Antichrist)一书中指称,罗伯兹多重化自我的作法实则出自对死亡的恐惧,而赛斯数据只不过是因误解基督教和东方宗教而来的。厄普敦也认为,「赛斯的教训里可以发现秘传教义的确切痕迹」[22]。特瑞·侯里(Terry Holley)、克尔文·毕斯那(E Calvin Beisner)和罗伯特·柏曼(Robert M Bowman Jr)所着的《占星学和灵媒现象》(Astrology and Psychic Phenomena)特别着重阐述东方神秘主义及其哲学所隐含的影响。他们说,「身为夫君的罗伯特·霸兹承认赛斯的想法和各类宗教、哲学乃至神秘教义之间都存在相似性。这些思想从近东、中东、到远东……例如,我们的确读了一些佛教、印度教、禅宗、道教的数据,更不要说萨满教、巫毒教和奥比巫术了。」[28]心理学家兼超心理学批判家詹姆斯·阿勒卡克(James E. Alcock)下结论:「从所有的赛斯思想来看,赛斯数据只能被看作是微不足道的。人们有的是时间和才能扮演好骗局的角色,但我们又无从分辨骗局的可能性和潜意识产物的可能性--不管怎么样,这些因素也没有足够的理由让我们考虑超自然力量介入的可能性。」[29]

参考数据

  1. Roberts, Jane. ESP Power. 2000; Stack, Rick. Out-Of-Body Adventures. 1988; Hathaway, Michael R. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Past Life Regression. 2003, p. 208; Watkins, Susan. Conversations With Seth, Book 2: 25th Anniversary Edition. 2006.
  2. Talbot, Michael. The Holographic Universe, 1991; Hanegraff, Wouter J. New Age Religion and Western Culture: Esotericism in the Mirror of Secular Thought, SUNY Press, 1998, pp. 122–126; Hammer, Olav. Claiming Knowledge: Strategies of Epistemology from Theosophy to the New Age. BRILL, 2004, p. 342; Upton, Charles. The System of Antichrist: Truth and Falsehood in Postmodernism and the New Age. Sophia Perennis, 2005, pp. 169–173.
  3. Klimo, Jon. Channeling: Investigations on Receiving Information from Paranormal Sources. North Atlantic Books 1998, p. 22.
  4. Fuller, Robert C. Spiritual, But Not Religious: Understanding Unchurched America. Oxford University Press, 2001, p. 187; Newport, John P. The New Age Movement and the Biblical Worldview: Conflict and Dialogue. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing 1998, p. 165; Klimo, Jon. Channeling: Investigations on Receiving Information from Paranormal Sources. North Atlantic Books 1998, p. 62.
  5. Larson, Bob. Larson's Book of World Religions and Alternative Spirituality. Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. 2004, p. 484.
  6. Albanese, Catherine L. A Republic of Mind and Spirit: A Cultural History of American Metaphysical Religion. Yale University Press 2007, p. 501.
  7. Newport, John P. The New Age Movement and the Biblical Worldview: Conflict and Dialogue. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing 1998, p. 165.
  8. Fuller, Robert C. Spiritual, But Not Religious: Understanding Unchurched America. Oxford University Press 2001, p. 60.
  9. ESP Power, by Jane Roberts (2000) (introductory essay by Lynda Dahl). ISBN 978-0-88391-016-0
  10. Other Lives, Other Selves: A Jungian Psychotherapist Discovers Past Lives, by Roger Woolger (1988). ISBN 978-0-553-34595-7
  11. Chapter 1, Session 511, Seth Speaks: The Eternal Validity of the Soul, by Jane Roberts (1972).
  12. Klimo, Jon. . North Atlantic Books. 1998: 30. ISBN 1-55643-248-8.
  13. Chapter 10, The Seth Material, by Jane Roberts (1970).
  14. Chapter 1, Session 511, and Chapter 2, Session 514, Seth Speaks: The Eternal Validity of the Soul, by Jane Roberts (1972).
  15. Tyler, Paula J.; Fran Stagg. . Ozark Mountain Publishing. 1987: 40. ISBN 0-9617920-0-0.
  16. Chapter 1, Seth Speaks, by Jane Roberts (1972); "Consciousness creates form. It is not the other way around".
  17. Clarke, Peter Bernard. . Routledge. 2006: 25. ISBN 0-415-25748-4.
  18. Leskowitz, Eric D. . CRC Press. 1999: 107, 163, 173. ISBN 0-8493-2237-5.
  19. Bruce, Alexandra. . The Disinformation Company. 2005: 116–117. ISBN 1-932857-22-2.
  20. Wolf, Joachim. . Trafford Publishing. 2003: 136–7,163,176–8. ISBN 1-55395-567-6.
  21. Hanegraaff, Wouter J. . SUNY Press. 1998: 122–4,125,126. ISBN 0-7914-3854-6.
  22. Upton, Charles. . Sophia Perennis. 2005: 169–173. ISBN 0-900588-38-1.
  23. Neff, Joanna Neff. . Trafford Publishing. 2003: 59, 63. ISBN 1-4120-1613-4.
  24. Brennan, Barbara Ann. . Bantam. 1987: 243. ISBN 0-553-34539-7.
  25. Hanegraaff, Wouter J. . SUNY Press. 1998: 214. ISBN 0-7914-3854-6.
  26. 叶乃嘉. . 台北: 台湾商务印书馆. ISBN 9789602575523 请检查|isbn=值 (帮助).
  27. Session 610, The Nature of Personal Reality, by Jane Roberts (1974). ISBN 978-0-13-610576-3
  28. Kole, Andre; E Calvin Beisner, Robert M Bowman Jr, Terry Holley Astrology and Psychic Phenomena Zondervan Publishing House 1989 ISBN 978-0-310-48921-4 p.51
  29. Kole, Andre; E Calvin Beisner, Robert M Bowman Jr, Terry Holley Astrology and Psychic Phenomena Zondervan Publishing House 1989 ISBN 978-0-310-48921-4 p.52
维基语录上的珍·罗伯兹#以赛斯的身分所说的语录

外部链接

维基语录上的赛斯语录

参见

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