自然杀伤细胞
自然杀手细胞(英语:)是一种细胞质中具有大颗粒的淋巴细胞,简称NK细胞(),也称作大颗粒淋巴细胞(LGL, Large Granular Lymphocytes)。由骨髓淋巴样干细胞发育而成,其分化、发育依赖于骨髓或胸腺微环境,主要分布于外周血和脾脏,在淋巴结和其他组织中也有少量存在。[1]
自然杀手细胞 | |
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![]() NK细胞具有与其他淋巴细胞相似的外观,它们除具有共同来源外,亦会进行互补性活动 | |
基本 | |
系统 | 免疫系统 |
功能 | 细胞毒性淋巴细胞 |
标识字符 | |
MeSH | D007694 |
FMA | FMA:63147 |
《显微解剖学术语》 |
自然杀手细胞因其非专一性的细胞毒杀作用而被命名,属于先天免疫系统的成员,它没有T细胞与B细胞所具的受体,不会进行受体的基因重组(B细胞、T细胞的V(D)J重组,以及B细胞的体细胞超突变)。但仍具有一些特殊受体,称为“杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体”,可以活化或抑制其作用在血液中循环,但也在骨髓,脾脏、淋巴结中出现,约占所有淋巴球的细胞的5~10%,但它可以消灭许多种病原体及多种肿瘤细胞。自然杀手细胞会直接和陌生细胞接触,并以细胞膜破裂之方式杀死此细胞,可利用分泌穿孔素及肿瘤坏死因子,摧毁目标细胞。
一般认为在外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中分选到CD56+/CD3-的细胞即为NK细胞。

由于被感染的细胞上缺乏MHC1类分子,导致NK细胞活化
参考数据
- Vivier, Eric; Tomasello, Elena; Baratin, Myriam; Walzer, Thierry; Ugolini, Sophie. . Nature Immunology. 2008-04-18, 9 (5). ISSN 1529-2908. doi:10.1038/ni1582.
延伸阅读
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology by Abbul K. Abbas & Andrew Lichtman Saunders Copyright 2003
- How the Immune System Works, 2nd edition, by Lauren Sompayrac, PhD Blackwell Publishing 2003
- Immunobiology: The Immune System In Health And Disease by Janeway, Travers, Walport & Shlomchik Churchchill Livingstone Copyright 2005
- Kuby Immunology, 6th edition, by Thomas J. Kindt, Richard A. Goldsby, and Barbara A. Osborne, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York
参看
外部链接
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- Video of natural killer cell (页面存档备份,存于)
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- https://web.archive.org/web/20100122025038/http://www.hfea.gov.uk/fertility-treatment-options-reproductive-immunology.html Reproductive immunology and fertility treatment
- http://www.cambridgenetwork.co.uk/news/article/default.aspx?objid=58465 (页面存档备份,存于)
- Binns C (June 19, 2006), Natural Body Guards: How Your Killer Cells Get Motivated (页面存档备份,存于). Livescience.com. Retrieved on 2007-10-20.
- 医学主题词表(MeSH):Natural+Killer+Cells
- Nkcells.info - MediaWiki-based information platform specializing on natural killer cells
- Large granular lymphocyte (页面存档备份,存于) entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
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