网足虫属

网足虫属學名Gromia)是絲足蟲門的一個,為單細胞生物,棲息在淡水或海水中,本屬生物形似變形蟲,有一蛋白質組成的蜂窩狀殼體細胞質包覆,並有許多偽足從殼體表面的孔洞中伸出,可互相交連形成網狀結構[1],用以爬行移動[2]。本屬物種的直徑介於0.4-30毫米間,細胞質中具有Stercomata(排泄物)與礦物顆粒[3],殼體形狀多變,有球型者(G. oviformis),也有梨形者(G. pyriforminis),常作為本屬物種的分類依據。本屬生物可行無性生殖有性生殖[4]

网足虫属
网足虫(1)與其他有孔蟲界的生物(2-7)
科学分类 编辑
门: 變形蟲門 Amoebozoa
纲: 根足纲 Rhizopodea
目: 无壳目 Aconchulinida
科: 网虫足科 Gromiidae
属: 网足虫属 Gromia
Dujardin, 1835
異名
  • Arcellina Du Plessis, 1876
  • Blythella Haman, 1988

本屬最早被發現的物種為G. oviformis,於1835年在英國海邊的潮間帶被發現[5],1990年代起開始有多種深海中的網足蟲被發現,包括生存在4392公尺深處者[3],深海的網足蟲可能在碳循環[3]氮循環反硝化反應[6]中扮演一定角色。有研究顯示本屬的一深海物種圓球網足蟲可在海床上留下爬痕,與複雜多細胞動物所留下的遺跡化石類似,使考古學家懷疑此類化石是否能當作多細胞動物存在的依據[7]

下属物种

本属包括以下物种:[8]

  • Gromia amygdaliformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia appendiculariae Brooks & Kellner, 1908
  • Gromia botelliformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
  • 短网足虫 Gromia brevis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
  • Gromia cedhageni Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia cucumiformis Gooday & Holzmann, 2021
  • Gromia dubia Gruber, 1884
  • Gromia dujardinii Schultze, 1854
  • Gromia fluvialis Dujardin, 1837
  • Gromia granulata Schulze, 1875
  • Gromia hyalina Schlumberger, 1845
  • Gromia landrethi Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia liasica Terquem, 1866
  • Gromia marmorea Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009
  • Gromia melinus Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009
  • Gromia oviformis Dujardin, 1835
  • Gromia pashukae Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia psammophila Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia pyriformis Gooday & Bowser, 2005
  • Gromia saoirsei Gooday & Holzmann, 2022
  • Gromia schulzei Norman, 1892
  • Gromia solenopus Zarnik, 1907
  • 圆球网足虫 Gromia sphaerica Gooday, Bowser, Bett & Smith, 2000
  • Gromia winnetoui Rothe, Gooday, Cedhagen, Fahrni, Hughes, Page, Pearce & Pawlowski, 2009

參考文獻

  1. Longet, D., Burki, F., Flakowski, J., Berney, C., Polet, S., Fahrni, J., & Pawlowski, J. (2004). Multigene evidence for close evolutionary relations between Gromia and foraminifera. Acta Protozoologica, 43(4), 303–311.
  2. Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
  3. Rothe, N., Gooday, A. J., Cedhagen, T., & Alan Hughes, J. (2011). Biodiversity and distribution of the genus Gromia (Protista, Rhizaria) in the deep Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). Polar Biology, 34(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-010-0859-z
  4. ARNOLD, Z. M. (1966). Observations on the Sexual Generation of Gromia oviformis Dujardin. The Journal of Protozoology, 13(1), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1966.tb01863.x
  5. Hayward, B. W., Le Coze, F., & Gross, O. (2018). World Foraminifera Database. Gromia Dujardin. Retrieved February 26, 2020, from http://www.marinespecies.org/foraminifera/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=111984 页面存档备份,存于
  6. Høgslund, S., Cedhagen, T., Bowser, S. S., & Risgaard-Petersen, N. (2017). Sinks and Sources of Intracellular Nitrate in Gromiids. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(APR), 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00617
  7. Matz, M. V., Frank, T. M., Marshall, N. J., Widder, E. A., & Johnsen, S. (2008). Giant Deep-Sea Protist Produces Bilaterian-like Traces. Current Biology, 18(23), 1849–1854. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.028
  8. . GBIF. [2023-01-16]. (原始内容存档于2023-01-16).
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