灌输
灌输是指向一个人持续宣传思想、态度、认知或方法的过程[1]。人类是一种社会性动物,不可避免地受到文化背景的影响,因此,在亲子关系中存在着一定程度的灌输,这对于形成共同价值观具有重要作用。

拿着毛主席语录的女孩 (1968)
教育和灌输之间的确切界限往往在于旁人的感观。有些人试图将灌输与教育区分开来,理由是受灌输者不会质疑或批判性地审视他们所接触的学说[2]。因此,灌输一词可能隐含贬义意味,通常是用户在谈到有关思想自由、神学、宗教教义或反宗教时使用[3]。
参考文献
- Funk and Wagnalls: "To instruct in doctrines; esp., to teach partisan or sectarian dogmas"; I.A. Snook, ed. 1972. Concepts of Indoctrination (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul).
- Wilson, J., 1964. "Education and indoctrination", in T.H.B. Hollins, ed. Aims in Education: the philosophic approach (Manchester University Press).
- Douglas Harper, "indoctrinate (v.) (页面存档备份,存于)," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed April 20, 2019.
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