洄游
洄游(英语:)是少数品种的鱼类在其生命周期中相对于其原有栖息场所定期的大规模迁徙现象,从每日到每年、甚至更长的周期,从数公尺到上千公里的距离。鱼类及其他海洋动物可能会因为觅食、繁殖或过冬等原因而洄游[1]。不过大部分的鱼类(如鲑鱼)洄游到目的地后便会死亡,只有少数会活着。
鲑鱼和银花鲈鱼为著名的溯河洄游鱼类,鳗鱼则为降河洄游鱼类。公牛鲨为广盐性鱼类,可自由穿梭于淡水与海水之中。许多海洋鱼类会进行昼夜垂直迁移,在晚上游至表层觅食,白天则潜回深海。鲔鱼等鱼类一年中会随着温度进行南北迁徙。渔业行为时常发生在这些鱼类的迁徙路径上。在淡水域的鱼类进行迁徙时路径则容易因为水坝的构筑而受到阻断。
注释
- . [2022-10-30]. (原始内容存档于2022-10-30).
- Atlantic Salmon Life Cycle (页面存档备份,存于) Connecticut River Coordinator's Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Updated: 13 September 2010.
- Myers, George S. . Copeia. 1949, 1949: 89–97.
- Secor, David H; Kerr L A. . Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 2009, (69): 537–556.
- Moyle, P.B. 2004. Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology. Pearson Benjamin Cummings, San Francisco, CA.
- Silva, S., Araújo, M. J., Bao, M., Mucientes, G., & Cobo, F. (2014). The haematophagous feeding stage of anadromous populations of sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus: low host selectivity and wide range of habitats. Hydrobiologia, 734(1), 187-199.
- Tyus, H.M. 2012. Ecology and Conservation of Fishes. Taylor and Francis Group, CRC Press, Boca Raton, London, New York.
- 罗永清. . 2014-01-13 [2014-01-14]. (原始内容存档于2021-04-15) (中文(繁体)).
参考书目
- Blumm, M (2002) Sacrificing the Salmon: A Legal and Policy History of the Decline of Columbia Basin Salmon (页面存档备份,存于) Bookworld Publications.
- Bond, C E (1996) Biology of Fishes, 2nd ed. Saunders, pp. 599–605.
- Hogan, C M (2008) Morro Creek (页面存档备份,存于), The Megalithic Portal, ed. by A. Burnham
- Lucas, M.C., and E. Baras. (2001) Migration of freshwater fishes. Blackwell Science Ltd., Malden, MA
- Appendix A: Migratory Fish Species in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa in Carolsfield J, Harvey B, Ross C and Anton Baer A (2004)Migratory Fishes of South America World Fisheries Trust/World Bank/IDRC. ISBN 1-55250-114-0.
外部链接
- United Nations: Introduction to the Convention on Migratory Species
- Living North Sea – International project on tackling fish migration problems in the North Sea Region
- Fish Migration Network – Worldwide network of specialist working on the theme fish migration
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