CYP51A1

Cytochrome P450, Family 51, Subfamily A, Polypeptide 1
識別
符號	CYP51A1
替換符號	CYP51, P45014DM
Entrez	1595
HUGO	2649
OMIM	601637
RefSeq	NM_000786
UniProt	Q16850
其他資料
EC編號	1.14.14.154
基因座	7 q21.2-21.3

CYP51A1
已知的結構
PDB	直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
PDBID列表
	3JUS、3JUV、3LD6、4UHI、4UHL
識別號
别名	CYP51A1；, CP51, CYP51, CYPL1, LDM, P450-14DM, P450L1, cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A member 1
外部ID	OMIM：601637 MGI：106040 HomoloGene：55488 GeneCards：CYP51A1
為以下藥物的標靶
	azalanstat[1]
基因位置（人类）
染色体	7號染色體[2]
终止	92,134,803 bp[2]
基因位置（小鼠）
染色体	小鼠5号染色体[3]
终止	4,154,746 bp[3]
基因本體
分子功能	• iron ion binding; • 金屬離子結合; • monooxygenase activity; • heme binding; • oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen; • oxidoreductase activity; • sterol 14-demethylase activity;
細胞組分	• integral component of membrane; • organelle membrane; • endoplasmic reticulum membrane; • 膜; • 細胞內膜結合細胞器; • 细胞膜; • 内质网;
生物學過程	• steroid metabolic process; • sterol biosynthetic process; • 脂質代謝; • cholesterol metabolic process; • cholesterol biosynthetic process via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol; • sterol metabolic process; • cholesterol biosynthetic process; • steroid biosynthetic process; • 脱甲基化; • regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process; • negative regulation of protein catabolic process; • negative regulation of protein secretion; • negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	1595
	13121
	ENSG00000001630
	ENSMUSG00000001467
	Q16850
	Q8K0C4
	NM_001146152; NM_000786
	NM_020010
	NP_000777; NP_001139624
	NP_064394
	維基數據

细胞色素 P450 51A1（英語：，缩写CYP51A1）也被称为羊毛甾醇-14α-脱甲基酶（，EC 1.14.14.154），是细胞色素P450超家族的一员，在人类基因组中由CYP51A1基因编码，可催化带有14α甲基的甾醇（如羊毛甾醇）去甲基化并D环上的C14-C15脱氢生成对应的甾醇（如4,4-二甲基胆甾-8(9),14,24-三烯-3β-醇）[6]。在后鞭毛生物（包括动物和真菌）的胆固醇合成中，CYP51A1催化2,3-环氧鲨烯成环后的第一步反应，是参与甾体生成的第一个CYP酶[7]。

CYP51A1催化羊毛甾醇三次发生加氧反应，生成对应产物

羊毛甾醇

进化

CYP51A1所属的CYP51家族是进化上较保守的家族[8]，在功能上都催化对应甾醇的14α脱甲基化[9]，在真核域和细菌域中都广泛存在，但不同生物界之间CYP51的相似性只有22-30%[10]。

参考文献

.
GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000001630 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001467 - Ensembl, May 2017
. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
. National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
. Human Metabolome Database. February 2014 [2020-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-26）.
Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. March 2007, 1770 (3): 467–77. PMC 2324071 . PMID 16963187. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.07.018.
Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. February 2004, 215 (1–2): 165–70. PMID 15026190. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.016.
Becher R, Wirsel SG. . Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. August 2012, 95 (4): 825–40. PMID 22684327. doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4195-9.
Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. January 2011, 1814 (1): 88–93. PMC 2962772 . PMID 20547249. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.06.006.

外部链接

醫學主題詞表（MeSH）：cytochrome+P-450+CYP51

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[1] .

[refGRCh38Ensembl-2] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000001630 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-3] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001467 - Ensembl, May 2017

[4] . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[5] . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[6] . Human Metabolome Database. February 2014 [2020-04-18]. （原始内容存档于2017-12-26）.

[Lepesheva_2007-7] Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. March 2007, 1770 (3): 467–77. PMC 2324071 . PMID 16963187. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.07.018.

[Lepesheva_2004-8] Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. February 2004, 215 (1–2): 165–70. PMID 15026190. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.016.

[Becher_2012-9] Becher R, Wirsel SG. . Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. August 2012, 95 (4): 825–40. PMID 22684327. doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4195-9.

[Lepesheva_2011-10] Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. January 2011, 1814 (1): 88–93. PMC 2962772 . PMID 20547249. doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.06.006.