语义信息
科学哲学领域
从科学哲学领域的角度说,不只是日常语言提供的信息,GPS和温度表提供的信息, 甚至电池正负号提供的信息也都是语义信息[1]。因为电池上一个加号(+)等价于一个命题:“这是正极”。语义信息的概念主要是用以区别Shannon信息的。
与Shannon信息论的比较
- 语义信息与信号(message)的含义及知识有关,存在对错问题;Shannon信息与信号含义或知识无关,不存在对错问题(Floridi,2011)。
- 语义信息可以包含在单个信号(message)或命题中,而Shannon信息只能存在于一连串信号中,只能通过统计得到平均信息(Shannon, 1948)。
参考文献
- Floridi, 2011 (页面存档备份,存于)
- 钟义信,《信息科学原理》
- George Klir, Uncertainty and Information: Foundations of Generalized Information Theory, John Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 499 pp. 2005
- 鲁晨光,《广义信息论》 (页面存档备份,存于)
- Warren Weaver,Recent Contributions to The mathematical Theroy of Communication, in The Methematical Theory of Communication, by Claude E. Shannon and Warren Weaver, The University of Illinois Press, 1963, p. 95-117
- Bar-Hillel and Carnap, 1953 (页面存档备份,存于)
- 波普尔《猜想与反驳》,10-II,及附录:概率和检验的严厉性. [2012-02-08]. (原始内容存档于2010-05-03).
- Floridi's Fourth Revolution
- Floridi on Semantic Information 视频. [2012-02-07]. (原始内容存档于2011-05-07).
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- . [2012-02-07]. (原始内容存档于2012-01-13).
- Shannon C E. A mathematical theory of communication,Bell System Technical Journal,27 (1948),379—429,623—656
- Bar-Hillel Y. and Carnap,R. An outline of a theory of semantic information,Tech. Rep. No. 247,Research Lab. of Electronics,MIT,1952 (页面存档备份,存于)
- 〔英〕波普尔,付季重等译. 猜想和反驳——科学知识的增长,上海译文出版社,1986
- Lu C.G., A Generalization of Shannon's Information Theory, Int. J. of General Systems, 28: (6) 453-490 1999 (页面存档备份,存于)
- Floridi, L.,Semantic Conceptions of Information, in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2011 (页面存档备份,存于)
- Adriaans P., A critical Analysis of Floridi's Theory of Semantic Information, KNOWLEDGE, TECHNOLOGY & POLICY
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