缺氧事件
缺氧事件或大洋缺氧事件指的是海洋中氧气缺乏的一段时期,期间海水中的硫化氢(H
2S)含量大幅增加[1]。它在地质史上曾多次发生,同时伴随而来的是生物集群灭绝[2]。因此生物地层学上将缺氧时间当成时间划分的一个重要指针[3]。它的成因可能是气候变暖、温室气体增加及洋流速度变缓等,而释放出大量二氧化碳的火山作用是其主要外部成因[4]

红圈表示大规模灭绝地,黑点则是规模未知的灭绝地
绝大部分的缺氧事件都发生在侏罗纪、白垩纪等气温上升、二氧化碳含量增加的时期,缺氧事件中平均海水表面温度超过25 °C(77 °F),而现代则不过13 °C(55 °F)。气温上升的原因可能是原本封存于地壳中的天然气大规模释放[5][6][7][8]。
参见
参考文献
- Timothy W. Lyons, Ariel D. Anbar, Silke Severmann, Clint Scott, and Benjamin C. Gill. . Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. January 19, 2009, 37: 507–53 [April 11, 2014]. Bibcode:2009AREPS..37..507L. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124233. (原始内容存档于2020-05-15).
- Wignall, Paul B.; Richard J. Twitchett. . Science. 5265. 24 May 1996, 272 (5265): 1155–1158 [12 September 2011]. Bibcode:1996Sci...272.1155W. PMID 8662450. doi:10.1126/science.272.5265.1155. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- Peters, Walters; Modowan K.E. . Cambridge University Press. 2005: 749 [2017-03-29]. ISBN 978-0-521-83762-0. (原始内容存档于2020-07-26).
- Katja M Meyer; Lee R Kump. . Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. January 9, 2008, 36: 251–288 [2014-04-11]. Bibcode:2008AREPS..36..251M. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124256. (原始内容存档于2020-02-26).
- . [2008-07-08]. (原始内容存档于2008-07-19).
- Mark Lynas. . May 1, 2007 [2008-07-08]. (原始内容存档于2009-05-02).
- Gronstal, A. L. . Imaginova. 2008-04-24 [2008-04-24]. (原始内容存档于29 April 2008).
- Pearce, C. R.; Cohen, A. S.; Coe, A. L.; Burton, K. W. . Geology (Geological Society of America). March 2008, 36 (3): 231–234 [2008-04-24]. Bibcode:2008Geo....36..231P. doi:10.1130/G24446A.1. (原始内容存档于29 April 2008).
扩展阅读
- Kashiyama, Yuichiro; Nanako O. Ogawa; Junichiro Kuroda; Motoo Shiro; Shinya Nomoto; Ryuji Tada; Hiroshi Kitazato; Naohiko Ohkouchi. . Organic Geochemistry. May 2008, 39 (5): 532–549. doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.11.010.
- Kump, L.R.; Pavlov, A. & Arthur, M.A. . Geology. 2005, 33 (5): 397–400. Bibcode:2005Geo....33..397K. doi:10.1130/G21295.1.
- Hallam, A. . Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. 2004: 91–607. ISBN 0-19-852497-8.
- Demaison G.J. and Moore G.T., (1980),"Anoxic environments and oil source bed genesis". American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin, Vol.54, 1179–1209.
外部连接
- Hot and stinky: The oceans without oxygen (页面存档备份,存于)
- Charles E. Jones; Hugh C. Jenkyns. (PDF). American Journal of Science. February 2001. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2005-05-07).
- R.D. Pancost; N. Crawford; S. Magness; A. Turner; H.C. Jenkyns; J.R. Maxwell. (PDF). Journal of the Geological Society. 2004, 161: 353–364. doi:10.1144/0016764903-059. (原始内容 (PDF)存档于2006-10-09).
- Hugh Jenkyns talking about the Bonarelli Level and OAEs (页面存档备份,存于)
- Original article (Geologie en Mijnbouw, 55, 179–184, 1976) on oceanic anoxic events authored by Seymour Schlanger and Hugh Jenkyns (页面存档备份,存于)
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