汉娜·莫尔

汉娜·莫尔(Hannah More 1745年2月2日—1833年9月7日)是一名英格兰宗教作家、慈善家、诗人、剧作家,她是当时伦敦社交界、文艺圈里的名人,蓝袜子的领袖。

Hannah More
1821年像
出生(1745-02-02)1745年2月2日
英格兰布里斯托尔
逝世1833年9月7日(1833歲—09—07)(88歲)
英格兰布里斯托尔克里夫顿
墓地英格兰萨默塞特郡灵顿
知名于诗人
签名

早年

她出生于布里斯托尔鱼塘区(Fishponds),是当地一所学校校长雅各布·摩尔(1700-83)的第四个女儿(共五个)[1]。她的父亲是她的启蒙老师,教会了她拉丁语和数学,她的姐姐们又教过她法语[1]。 1758年,其父雅各布在布里斯托尔三一街(Trinity Street)创办了一所女子寄宿学校,由汉娜的姐姐玛丽和伊丽莎白运营,雅各布自己则在石山区(Stony Hill)创办了一所男子学校。12岁时,汉娜进入姐姐们的学校学习,毕业后在那里执教。[2]

1767年汉娜为了和萨默塞特郡Wraxall村一名叫威廉·特纳的男子订婚,退掉了自己在学校的股份[1]。但过了六年婚礼还是没有举办,特纳也没有确定日期的意愿,于是二人的婚约在1773年解除。这可能一度导致汉娜精神崩溃,她因此前往濱海韋斯頓附近的上山村(Uphill)疗养。她最后从特纳那里获得了200镑年金作为补偿,这使得她能够有充足的闲暇时间进行文学创作。[2]

成年

她在教书时开始创作田园风格的剧作,以供她的女学生们表演。她的第一部作品是1762年完成的《The Search after Happiness》,到1780年代中期,它共售出10,000多本[3]

蓝袜子领袖肖像,莫尔为左上角站里的女性,形象模仿墨尔波墨涅

她在1773年冬和姐姐们一起前往伦敦,在那里结识了塞缪尔·约翰逊约书亚·雷诺兹爱德蒙·伯克等当时文艺界的精英。约翰逊其实不太喜欢她,认为她太过奉承别人,还是一个蹩脚诗人[1]。她参加了蓝袜子运动,是伊丽莎白·蒙塔古沙龙的座上宾,并在那里结识弗朗西斯·博斯科文伊丽莎白·卡特伊丽莎白·维西赫斯特·沙蓬[2]

她的剧作在伦敦获得了成功,其《珀西》在1777年12月于皇家歌剧院上演,大卫·加里克为这部作品写了开场白和谢幕词[1]

她在伦敦的生活并不顺利,1785年她在萨默塞特郡北部的灵顿买下一栋别墅,和姐妹玛莎开始避世的隐居生活。在那里,她写成了《寻找妻子的科勒布斯》(Coelebs in Search of a Wife)等多部作品,并在那里去世,葬在当地的诸圣教堂中,留下的遗产捐给了教会和慈善机构。[4]

引用

  1. Crossley Evans, MJ, Hannah More, University of Bristol (Bristol branch of the Historical Association, 1999.
  2. Stephen 1894.
  3. S. J. Skedd, "More, Hannah (1745–1833)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004).
  4. Chisholm 1911.

来源

主要

  • Hannah More, Works of Hannah More, 2 vols. New York: Harper, 1840

传记

  • Anna Jane Buckland, The life of Hannah More. A lady of two centuries. London: Religious Tract Society, 1882,
  • Jeremy and Margaret Collingwood, Hannah More. Oxford: Lion Publishing, 1990, ISBN 0-7459-1532-9
  • Patricia Demers, The World of Hannah More. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1996, ISBN 0-8131-1978-2
  • Charles Howard Ford, Hannah More: A Critical Biography. New York: Peter Lang, 1996, ISBN 0-8204-2798-5
  • Marion Harland, Hannah More. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1900
  • Mary Alen Hopkins, Hannah More and Her Circle. London: Longmans, 1947
  • M. G. Jones, Hannah More Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952
  • Helen C. Knight, Hannah More; or, Life in Hall and Cottage. New York: M. W. Dodd, 1851
  • Elizabeth Kowaleski-Wallace, Their Fathers' Daughters: Hannah More, Maria Edgeworth, and Patriarchal Complicity. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991
  • Annette Mary Budgett Meakin, Hannah More: A Biographical Study. London: John Murray, 1919
  • Karen Swallow Prior, Fierce Convictions: The Extraordinary Life of Hannah More—Poet, Reformer, Abolitionist. Nashville: Nelson Books, 2014, ISBN 978-1-4002-0625-4
  • William Roberts, ed., Memoirs of Mrs Hannah More. New York: Harper & Bros., 1836
  • Anne Stott, Hannah More: The First Victorian. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-19-924532-0
  • Thomas Taylor, Memoir of Mrs. Hannah More. London: Joseph Rickerby, 1838
  • Henry Thompson, The Life of Hannah More With Notices of Her Sisters. London: T. Cadell, 1838
  • Charlotte Yonge, Hannah More. Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1888

其他

  • Elliott, Dorice Williams. . Nineteenth-Century Contexts. 1995, 19 (2): 179–204. doi:10.1080/08905499508583421. hdl:1808/20908可免费查阅.
  • Kelly, Gary. (PDF). Man and Nature. 1987, 6: 147–59 [2021-06-17]. doi:10.7202/1011875ar可免费查阅. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-07-21).
  • Jacqueline McMillan, "Hannah More: From Versificatrix to Saint", In Her Hand: Letters of Romantic-Era British Women Writers in New Zealand Collections. Otago Students of Letters. Dunedin, New Zealand: University of Otago, Department of English, 2013. pp. 23–46. Includes five letters and a poem, hitherto unpublished.
  • Mitzi Myers, "Hannah More's Tracts for the Times: Social Fiction and Female Ideology", Fetter'd or Free? British Women Novelists, 1670–1815. Mary Anne Schofield and Cecilia Macheski, eds. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1986
  • Myers, Mitzi. . Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture. 1982, 11: 199–216.
  • Nardin, Jane. . Women's History Review. 2001, 10 (2): 211–27. doi:10.1080/09612020100200571.
  • Nardin, Jane. . Texas Studies in Language and Literature. 2001, 43 (3): 267–84. S2CID 162100269. doi:10.1353/tsl.2001.0015.
  • Pickering, Samuel. . Neuphilologische Mitteilungen. 1977, 78: 78–85.
  • Mona Scheuerman, In Praise of Poverty: Hannah More Counters Thomas Paine and the Radical Threat. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2002
  • Stoker, David. . The Library: Transactions of the Bibliographical Society. 7. 2020, 21: 343–384.
  • Kathryn Sutherland, "Hannah More's Counter-Revolutionary Feminism", Revolution in Writing: British Literary Responses to the French Revolution. Kelvin Everest, ed. Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1991
  • Vallone, Lynne. . The Lion and the Unicorn. 1991, 15 (2): 72–95. S2CID 143540425. doi:10.1353/uni.0.0155.
  • A Comparative Study of Three Anti-Slavery Poems Written by William Blake, Hannah More and Marcus Garvey: Black Stereotyping 页面存档备份,存于 by Jérémie Kroubo Dagnini for GRAAT On-Line, January 2010

档案

  • Papers of Hannah More are held at The Women's Library in the Library of the London School of Economics. 9/16

外部链接

维基共享资源上的相关多媒体资源:汉娜·莫尔
维基文库中该作者的作品:
漢娜·摩爾
维基语录上的汉娜·莫尔语录
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.