修女院

修女院是天主教會、信義宗、普世聖公宗等基督教宗派的女性修道人居住的地方或社群，在此她们可以不用生产、或與他人存有伴侶關係，以專事於祈禱或各種事工。中国的尼姑庵与此类似[1][2]。修女院是和修道院同时产生。帕克米乌斯于320年代在底比斯组建男修道院时，他帮助他的妹妹玛丽建立了一座修女院, 兄妹俩建立的这两所修院院规一致。本篤在建造修道修院外, 也为女性成立了数座修女院, 这些修女院与男修道院同樣同守一个会规，由他的双胞胎妹妹思嘉主持一座修女院。西欧中世纪早期的修女院數量不算多。修女院的院长大都由捐建修女院的贵族的女儿担任。[3]

参考文献
  1. Evangelisti, Silvia. . Oxford University Press. 2008: 38–39. ISBN 9780199532056 （英语）. Finally, irrespective of religious beliefs, convents remained a possible model for women—Catholic as well as Protestant—to pursue. In Protestant Germany, forms of female religious associative life did not die out, but instead survived in the shape of Protestant convents. These could be governed by a Lutheran abbess, and inhabited by Lutheran nuns in religious habits who claimed membership of a monastic order, paradoxical though this may seem.
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